Spondylarthopathies

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Caractéristiques communes

  • Enthésite (inflammation de l'insertion tendineuse), spondylite (inflammation du rachis), spondylarthrite (inflammation des articulations intervertébrales), sacro-ilite, arthrite asymétrique des articulations périphériques
    • En cas d'enthésite située au niveau des doigts, on parle de dactylite ou de doigts en saucisse
  • Association avec HLA-B27 positif et facteur rhumatoïde (FR) négatif (d'où la terminologie de spondylarthopathies séronégatives)

Bilan

Radiography of the sacroiliac joints is essential in patients with suspected spondyloarthritis; radiographic evidence of sacroiliitis includes pseudo-widening of the joints, erosions, sclerosis, and ankylosis.

Spondylite ankylosante

  • Synonyme: maladie de Bechterew

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the axial skeleton (including sacroiliac joints), entheses, and peripheral joints; HLA-B27 is present in up to 95% of patients.

Arthrite psoriasique

Psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory joint disease associated with psoriasis, multiple possible joint patterns, enthesitis, tenosynovitis, and dactylitis.

Arthropathies associées aux maladies inflammatoires intestinales

Inflammatory bowel disease–associated arthritis occurs in three patterns: sacroiliitis/spondylitis, acute polyarticular peripheral arthritis, and chronic polyarticular peripheral arthritis; only the acute polyarticular form is related to flares of bowel disease.

Arthrite réactionnelle

  • Can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree

Reactive arthritis can occur 2 to 3 weeks following specific gastrointestinal and genitourinary infections; an asymmetric monoarticular or oligoarticular arthritis, dactylitis, and enthesitis can occur.

Spondylarthrite juvénile

Références

  • MKSAP 2018